Numerical Simulation of Mhd Nanofluid Flow Over a Stretching Sheet Using an Exponentially Fitted Simpson Type Block Method with Convective Conditions

Abstract

The numerical solution of a heat and mass transfer of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid boundary layer flow caused by a stretching surface is presented in this study. The governing equations which are continuity, momentum, energy and concentration are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity variables and then solved with the exponentially fitted Simpson’s type block method along with the shooting technique. A comprehensive analysis of the method used shows that it is consistent, convergent and both A-stable and zerostable. Numerical results show excellent agreement with existing results, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. The results indicate that an increase in Biot number leads to a significant rise in surface temperature and Nusselt number but with little effect on the Sherwood number. Likewise, higher Prandtl numbers and Lewis numbers are found to suppress the thermal and concentration boundary layer thicknesses, respectively, leading to an increase in the Sherwood number. The study further reveals that the magnetic parameter suppresses fluid motion, leading to reduced temperature and concentration profiles due to enhanced Lorentz force effects. Additionally, thermal radiation is shown to thicken the thermal boundary layer, thereby enhancing the nanofluid’s temperature distribution across the sheet. The study demonstrates that the proposed method is a reliable tool for solving coupled nonlinear nanofluid boundary layer problems with convective boundary conditions